Description: Digital transformation is now an intrinsic part of every country’s development, creating enormous opportunities and enabling everything from distance learning to economic advances in logistics, manufacturing, and agriculture, as well as societal advances such as improvements to health care, education and other public services. However, the rapidly expanding centrality of cyberspace in our everyday lives also increases its potential for risk. These vulnerabilities are even more worrisome in the case of critical infrastructures and essential services, which are crucial for the well-being of societies, for preserving the public order and security of nations. Ensuring trust in the digital economy requires the protection of the availability, integrity, confidentiality of these most essential infrastructures and services to ensure resilience. Furthermore, in an increasingly interconnected world, the significance of critical infrastructure protection extends across borders to a global scale. With shared dependencies and potential cross-border impacts, a breach in one region can impact another. Harmonised efforts to set a baseline to protect critical infrastructure are crucial for fostering international collaboration, resilience against emerging threats, and ensuring the stability of the interconnected systems that underpin the modern world globally. However, divergent global definitions of critical infrastructure and essential services, and contradictory requirements pose challenges for international cooperation, coordination to decrease cyber threats and the development of effective risk mitigating solutions. In this session experts from across stakeholder groups and regions will discuss how efforts can be aligned to set a baseline for the protection of the cybersecurity of critical infrastructures and foster international collaboration, resilience against emerging threats, and ensure the stability of the interconnected systems that underpin the modern world globally. Starting from the premise that cybersecurity is a shared responsibility, discussions will aim to bring recommendations on how all stakeholders could effectively work together to mitigate risks and curb cyber threats.